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  • For instance, in the construction industry, titanium dioxide coatings are used on exterior surfaces to provide a protective barrier against weathering and UV radiation. This extends the lifespan of building materials such as cement, wood, and metals. Moreover, the bright white pigment of TiO2 can significantly improve the reflectivity of these surfaces, reducing heat absorption and potentially lowering cooling costs.
  • The use of TIO2 in water treatment facilities harnesses the power of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), which involve the generation of hydroxyl radicals that can decompose a wide range of organic pollutants. When exposed to ultraviolet light, TIO2 triggers a reaction that not only breaks down contaminants such as pesticides and pharmaceuticals but also facilitates disinfection by destroying harmful microorganisms without producing harmful byproducts.
  • The first commercial production of TiO2 began in the early 20th century, using the sulfate process. This method involved reacting ilmenite ore with sulfuric acid to produce titanium sulfate, which was then calcined to obtain titanium dioxide. However, this process had several drawbacks, including high energy consumption, generation of large amounts of waste, and release of harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide. As a result, many factories transitioned to the chloride process, which offers higher purity TiO2 and reduced environmental impact.